/*************************************************************************
 * Title:    I2C master library using hardware TWI interface
 * Author:   Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch>  http://jump.to/fleury
 * File:     $Id: twimaster.c,v 1.4 2015/01/17 12:16:05 peter Exp $
 * Software: AVR-GCC 3.4.3 / avr-libc 1.2.3
 * Target:   any AVR device with hardware TWI 
 * Usage:    API compatible with I2C Software Library i2cmaster.h
 **************************************************************************/
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <compat/twi.h>
#include <avr/io.h>

#include "i2cMaster.h"

/* define CPU frequency in hz here if not defined in Makefile */
#ifndef F_CPU
#define F_CPU 16000000UL
#endif

/* I2C clock in Hz */
#define SCL_CLOCK  100000L

/*************************************************************************
  Initialization of the I2C bus interface. Need to be called only once
 *************************************************************************/
void initI2C(void)
{
	/* initialize TWI clock: 100 kHz clock, TWPS = 0 => prescaler = 1 */
    TWI_BUS_PORT |= 1<<SCL|1<<SDA;	
    TWI_BUS_DDR &=~(1<<SCL|1<<SDA);
	TWSR = 0;                         /* no prescaler */
	TWBR = ((F_CPU/SCL_CLOCK)-16)/2;  /* must be > 10 for stable operation */
}

/*************************************************************************	
  Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction.
  return 0 = device accessible, 1= start condition didn't transmit, 
  2= master as transmitter/receiver didn't receive an ACK
 *************************************************************************/
uint8_t i2cStart(uint8_t address)
{
	uint8_t twst;

	// send START condition
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWSTA | 1 << TWEN);

	// wait until transmission completed
	while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
		;

	// check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
	twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
	if(twst != TW_START && twst != TW_REP_START)
		return 1; // (repeated) start condition NOT transmitted	

	// send device address
	TWDR = address;
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN);

	// wail until transmission completed and ACK/NACK has been received
	while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
		;

	// check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
	twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
	if (twst != TW_MT_SLA_ACK && twst != TW_MR_SLA_ACK)
		return 2; // master as transmitter/receiver didn't receive ACK

	return 0;
}


/*************************************************************************
  Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction.
  If device is busy, use ack polling to wait until device is ready

Input:   address and transfer direction of I2C device
 *************************************************************************/
void i2cStartWait(uint8_t address)
{
	uint8_t twst;

	while (1)
	{
		// send START condition
		TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWSTA | 1 << TWEN);

		// wait until transmission completed
		while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
			;

		// check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
		twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
		if ((twst != TW_START) && (twst != TW_REP_START)) 
			continue;

		// send device address
		TWDR = address;
		TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN);

		// wail until transmission completed
		while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
			;

		// check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
		twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
		if((twst == TW_MT_SLA_NACK) || (twst ==TW_MR_DATA_NACK)) 
		{    	    
			/* device busy, send stop condition to terminate write operation */
			TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN | 1 << TWSTO);

			// wait until stop condition is executed and bus released
			while(TWCR & (1 << TWSTO))
				;
			continue;
		}

		break;
	}
}

/*************************************************************************
  Issues a repeated start condition and sends address and transfer direction 

Input:   address and transfer direction of I2C device

Return:  0 device accessible
1 failed to access device
 *************************************************************************/
uint8_t i2cRepeatStart(uint8_t address)
{
	return i2cStart(address);
}

/*************************************************************************
  Terminates the data transfer and releases the I2C bus
 *************************************************************************/
void i2cStop(void)
{
	/* send stop condition */
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN | 1 << TWSTO);

	// wait until stop condition is executed and bus released
	while(TWCR & (1 << TWSTO))
		;
}

/*************************************************************************
  Send one byte to I2C device

Input:    byte to be transfered
Return:   0 write successful 
1 write failed
 *************************************************************************/
uint8_t i2cWrite(uint8_t data)
{	
	uint8_t twst;

	// send data to the previously addressed device
	TWDR = data;
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN);

	// wait until transmission completed
	while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
		;

	// check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits
	twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
	if(twst != TW_MT_DATA_ACK) 
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

/*************************************************************************
  Read one byte from the I2C device, request more data from device 

Return:  byte read from I2C device
 *************************************************************************/
uint8_t i2cReadAck(void)
{
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN | 1 << TWEA);
	while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
		;    

	return TWDR;
}

/*************************************************************************
  Read one byte from the I2C device, read is followed by a stop condition 

Return:  byte read from I2C device
 *************************************************************************/
uint8_t i2cReadNak(void)
{
	TWCR = (1 << TWINT | 1 << TWEN);
	while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)))
		;

	return TWDR;
}